Mongo Santamaría (1917–2003) was a pioneering Cuban percussionist and bandleader whose mastery of the conga drum helped bridge Afro-Cuban rhythms with jazz and popular music. Emerging from Havana’s vibrant music scene, he later became a key figure in the New York Latin jazz movement. Famed for his electrifying grooves and crossover hit “Watermelon Man,” Santamaría blended rumba, mambo, and soul with effortless artistry. His groundbreaking work influenced generations of musicians and solidified his legacy as one of the most important figures in Latin jazz history.