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Anacaona is a female Cuban orchestra renowned for playing traditional Cuban music, including son, charanga, salsa, and cumbia. Founded in 1932 by Concepción Castro and her sisters Alicia, Ada, Xiomara, Algimira, Caridad, and Olga, the group initially started as a sextet, later expanding to a septet with the addition of a trumpeter, and eventually forming a full orchestra in the mid-1930s as the remaining ten Castro sisters joined, often switching instruments. Over the years, the ensemble has featured various musicians, including Ella O'Reilly, Beba Alvarez, Berta Cabrera, Hortensia Palacio (piano), Graciela Pérez, Moraima Secada, Haydée and Omara Portuondo (percussion, vocals), Berta Rodríguez (vocals), Anneris Cánovas (tumba, vocals), and Luisa Cotilla (trumpet). In 1987, after the last Castro sisters retired, the band was taken over and directed by pianist Georgia Aguirre González. The orchestra is also known as Orquesta Anacaona, Hermanas Anacaona, and Las Anacaonas.

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