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**Black Sabbath Biography** Considered by many to be the first heavy metal band, Black Sabbath was formed in 1968 in Birmingham, UK, by Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler, Ozzy Osbourne, and Bill Ward. The band's original name was the Polka Tulk Blues Band, later shortened to Polka Tulk, before finally adopting the name Black Sabbath, inspired by an Italian horror movie of the same name. The original line-up lasted until 1979, when Osbourne was fired and replaced by another vocalist. Throughout its history, the band experienced numerous line-up changes, with no line-up remaining intact for consecutive studio releases. However, Tony Iommi and keyboardist Geoff Nicholls, who joined in 1979, remained with Black Sabbath, although Nicholls was not always credited as a full member. In 1997, Iommi, Butler, Ward, and Osbourne reunited, touring and releasing a live album in 1998. Attempts to record a new album in 2001 were scrapped. The group periodically reunited for tours, including Ozzy's "Ozzfest." In 2006, the original line-up was inducted into the Rock 'n' Roll Hall of Fame. The following year, Iommi, Butler, Ronnie James Dio, and a drummer who played on "Mob Rules" and "Dehumanizer" announced a tour under the name Heaven & Hell. This was to support a Dio-era greatest hits

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