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Johann Sebastian Bach was born on March 21, 1685, in Eisenach, Thuringia, Germany. He was a prolific German composer and organist whose sacred and secular works for choir, orchestra, and solo instruments exemplified the baroque genre and brought it to its ultimate maturity. Although he did not introduce new forms, he enriched the prevailing German style with a robust contrapuntal technique, control of harmonic and motivic organization, and the adaptation of rhythms and textures from abroad, particularly from Italy and France. Many consider him the greatest Baroque composer and one of the greatest composers of all time. From 1723 until his death, he served as Thomascantor in Leipzig. In a scholarly context, the appearance of “BWV” on phonographic works signifies a formal academic designation that situates Bach's music within modern musicology. Established in the mid-20th century through the Bach-Werke-Verzeichnis, BWV numbers provide a standardized system for identifying, comparing, and studying Bach’s compositions. Bach's revered works include the Brandenburg concertos, keyboard suites and partitas, the Mass in B Minor, the St. Matthew Passion, The Musical Offering, The Art of Fugue, and approximately 220 surviving cantatas. He died on July 28, 1750. Some of his sons also became composers.

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