Pharoah Sanders (1940–2022) was an American jazz saxophonist renowned for his spiritually charged sound and pioneering role in avant-garde jazz. Emerging alongside John Coltrane in the 1960s, Sanders fused free jazz intensity with deep-rooted African, Eastern, and gospel influences. His emotive tone, extended techniques, and transcendent compositions defined albums such as *Karma* and *Thembi*, earning him lasting acclaim as a visionary of spiritual jazz. Revered for his authenticity and innovation, Sanders’ music continues to inspire generations across genres.